Substance Use — IPS/Peer Support Intervention in the DTES
Citation(s)
Bond GR, Drake RE Making the case for IPS supported employment. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2014 Jan;41(1):69-73. doi: 10.1007/s10488-012-0444-6.
Campbell K, Bond GR, Drake RE Who benefits from supported employment: a meta-analytic study. Schizophr Bull. 2011 Mar;37(2):370-80. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbp066. Epub 2009 Aug 6.
Latimer E, Lecomte T [Individual Placement Support (IPS) for people with severe mental disorders : An approach to favor in Québec?]. Sante Ment Que. 2002;27(1):241-67. French.
Sveinsdottir V, Løvvik C, Fyhn T, Monstad K, Ludvigsen K, Øverland S, Reme SE Protocol for the effect evaluation of Individual Placement and Support (IPS): a randomized controlled multicenter trial of IPS versus treatment as usual for patients with moderate to severe mental illness in Norway. BMC Psychiatry. 2014 Nov 18;14:307. doi: 10.1186/s12888-014-0307-7.
Optimizing the Employment Outcomes for People Living in the Downtown Eastside
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
