Chermack ST, Murray RL, Walton MA, Booth BA, Wryobeck J, Blow FC Partner aggression among men and women in substance use disorder treatment: correlates of psychological and physical aggression and injury. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008 Nov 1;98(1-2):35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.010. Epub 2008 Jun 13.
Ilgen MA, Chermack ST, Murray R, Walton MA, Barry KL, Wojnar M, Blow FC The association between partner and non-partner aggression and suicidal ideation in patients seeking substance use disorder treatment. Addict Behav. 2009 Feb;34(2):180-6. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.004. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
Murray RL, Chermack ST, Walton MA, Winters J, Booth BM, Blow FC Psychological aggression, physical aggression, and injury in nonpartner relationships among men and women in treatment for substance-use disorders. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2008 Nov;69(6):896-905.
Development of Violence Therapy for Substance Abusers
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
