Subacromial Impingement Syndrome — Operative Versus Non-operative Management of Subacromial Impingement
Citation(s)
Brox JI, Gjengedal E, Uppheim G, Bohmer AS, Brevik JI, Ljunggren AE, Staff PH Arthroscopic surgery versus supervised exercises in patients with rotator cuff disease (stage II impingement syndrome): a prospective, randomized, controlled study in 125 patients with a 2 1/2-year follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1999 Mar-Apr;8(2):102-11. doi: 10.1016/s1058-2746(99)90001-0.
Haahr JP, Andersen JH Exercises may be as efficient as subacromial decompression in patients with subacromial stage II impingement: 4-8-years' follow-up in a prospective, randomized study. Scand J Rheumatol. 2006 May-Jun;35(3):224-8. doi: 10.1080/03009740600556167.
Ketola S, Lehtinen J, Elo P, Kortelainen S, Huhtala H, Arnala I No difference in long-term development of rotator cuff rupture and muscle volumes in impingement patients with or without decompression. Acta Orthop. 2016 Aug;87(4):351-5. doi: 10.1080/17453674.2016.1177780. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
Ketola S, Lehtinen J, Rousi T, Nissinen M, Huhtala H, Konttinen YT, Arnala I No evidence of long-term benefits of arthroscopicacromioplasty in the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome: Five-year results of a randomised controlled trial. Bone Joint Res. 2013 Jul 1;2(7):132-9. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.27.2000163. Print 2013.
Ketola S, Lehtinen JT, Arnala I Arthroscopic decompression not recommended in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy: a final review of a randomised controlled trial at a minimum follow-up of ten years. Bone Joint J. 2017 Jun;99-B(6):799-805. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.99B6.BJJ-2016-0569.R1.
The Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Operative Versus Non-operative Management of Subacromial Impingement
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
