Stroke — Piloting the Attention Training Technique for Post-Stroke Emotionalism
Citation(s)
Barlow, D , Nock, M., & Hersen, M. (2009) Single Case Experimental Design: Strategies for Studying Behaviour Change (3rd ed.) Pearson.
Broomfield NM, West R, Barber M, Quinn TJ, Gillespie D, Walters M, House A TEARS: a longitudinal investigation of the prevalence, psychological associations and trajectory of poststroke emotionalism. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 28:jnnp-2022-329042. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329042. Online ahead of print.
Fitzgerald S, Gracey F, Broomfield N Post-stroke emotionalism (PSE): a qualitative longitudinal study exploring individuals' experience with PSE. Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Dec;44(25):7891-7903. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2021.2002439. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
Fitzgerald S, Gracey F, Trigg E, Broomfield N Predictors and correlates of emotionalism across acquired and progressive neurological conditions: A systematic review. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2023 Jun;33(5):945-987. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2022.2052326. Epub 2022 Mar 24.
Gillespie DC, Cadden AP, West RM, Broomfield NM Non-pharmacological interventions for post-stroke emotionalism (PSE) within inpatient stroke settings: a theory of planned behavior survey. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2020 Jan;27(1):15-24. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2019.1654241. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
Knowles MM, Foden P, El-Deredy W, Wells A A Systematic Review of Efficacy of the Attention Training Technique in Clinical and Nonclinical Samples. J Clin Psychol. 2016 Oct;72(10):999-1025. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22312. Epub 2016 Apr 29.
McAleese N, Guzman A, O'Rourke SJ, Gillespie DC Post-stroke emotionalism: a qualitative investigation. Disabil Rehabil. 2021 Jan;43(2):192-200. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1620876. Epub 2019 May 28.
Wells A Breaking the Cybernetic Code: Understanding and Treating the Human Metacognitive Control System to Enhance Mental Health. Front Psychol. 2019 Dec 12;10:2621. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02621. eCollection 2019.
Wells, A (1990). Panic disorder in association with relaxation induced anxiety: An attentional training approach to treatment. Behavior therapy, 21(3), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80330-2
Applying the Metacognitive Model to Post-Stroke Emotionalism: A Multiphasic Case Series Piloting the Attention Training Technique
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.