Stroke — MUSic Therapy In Complex Specialist Neurorehabilitation
Citation(s)
Altenmuller E, Schlaug G Apollo's gift: new aspects of neurologic music therapy. Prog Brain Res. 2015;217:237-52. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.029. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
Le Perf G, Donguy AL, Thebault G Nuanced effects of music interventions on rehabilitation outcomes after stroke: a systematic review. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2019 Sep;26(6):473-484. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2019.1623518. Epub 2019 Jun 6.
Turner-Stokes L, Nyein K, Halliwell D The Northwick Park Care Needs Assessment (NPCNA): a directly costable outcome measure in rehabilitation. Clin Rehabil. 1999 Jun;13(3):253-67. doi: 10.1191/026921599677787870.
Turner-Stokes L, Paul S, Williams H Efficiency of specialist rehabilitation in reducing dependency and costs of continuing care for adults with complex acquired brain injuries. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 May;77(5):634-9. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.073411.
Vik BMD, Skeie GO, Specht K Neuroplastic Effects in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury After Music-Supported Therapy. Front Hum Neurosci. 2019 Jun 25;13:177. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00177. eCollection 2019.
Pilot Study to Evaluate MUSic Therapy in Complex Specialist Neurorehabilitation
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
