Stroke — Application of a Reimbursable Form of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Upper Extremity
Citation(s)
Andrabi M, Taub E, Mckay Bishop S, Morris D, Uswatte G Acceptability of constraint induced movement therapy: influence of perceived difficulty and expected treatment outcome. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2022 Oct;29(7):507-515. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2021.1956046. Epub 2021 Aug 23.
Morris DM, Taub E, Macrina DM, Cook EW, Geiger BF A method for standardizing procedures in rehabilitation: use in the extremity constraint induced therapy evaluation multisite randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2009 Apr;90(4):663-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.576.
Morris DM, Taub E, Mark VW Constraint-induced movement therapy: characterizing the intervention protocol. Eura Medicophys. 2006 Sep;42(3):257-68.
Morris DM, Uswatte G, Crago JE, Cook EW 3rd, Taub E The reliability of the wolf motor function test for assessing upper extremity function after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Jun;82(6):750-5. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2001.23183.
Pedlow K, Lennon S, Wilson C Application of constraint-induced movement therapy in clinical practice: an online survey. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Feb;95(2):276-82. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.240. Epub 2013 Sep 8.
Shi YX, Tian JH, Yang KH, Zhao Y Modified constraint-induced movement therapy versus traditional rehabilitation in patients with upper-extremity dysfunction after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Jun;92(6):972-82. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.12.036.
Toomey M, Nicholson D, Carswell A The clinical utility of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Can J Occup Ther. 1995 Dec;62(5):242-9. doi: 10.1177/000841749506200503.
Uswatte G, Taub E, Morris D, Barman J, Crago J Contribution of the shaping and restraint components of Constraint-Induced Movement therapy to treatment outcome. NeuroRehabilitation. 2006;21(2):147-56.
Uswatte G, Taub E, Morris D, Light K, Thompson PA The Motor Activity Log-28: assessing daily use of the hemiparetic arm after stroke. Neurology. 2006 Oct 10;67(7):1189-94. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000238164.90657.c2.
Viana R, Teasell R Barriers to the implementation of constraint-induced movement therapy into practice. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2012 Mar-Apr;19(2):104-14. doi: 10.1310/tsr1902-104.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
