Stroke — Factors Influencing Postural Balance and Movement in Individuals With Stroke
Citation(s)
Craig LE, Wu O, Bernhardt J, Langhorne P Predictors of poststroke mobility: systematic review. Int J Stroke. 2011 Aug;6(4):321-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00621.x. Review.
Huang YC, Wang WT, Liou TH, Liao CD, Lin LF, Huang SW Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients Scores as a predictor of stroke patient ambulation at discharge from the rehabilitation ward. J Rehabil Med. 2016 Mar;48(3):259-64. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2046.
Ivanenko Y, Gurfinkel VS Human Postural Control. Front Neurosci. 2018 Mar 20;12:171. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00171.
Lesser M BJ, Dekerlegand J Use of the postural assessment scale for stroke patients in determining acute care discharge recommendations. J Acute Care Phys Ther 2017:79-85.
Skolarus LE, Burke JF, Brown DL, Freedman VA Understanding stroke survivorship: expanding the concept of poststroke disability. Stroke. 2014 Jan;45(1):224-30. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002874. Epub 2013 Nov 26.
Factors Influencing on Postural Balance and Voluntary Movement in Individuals With Acute Stroke
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
