Stress — Impact of Serial Bedside Video Calls on Stress Level in Parents of Infants Admitted to NICU
Citation(s)
Gibson R, Kilcullen M The Impact of Web-Cameras on Parent-Infant Attachment in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. J Pediatr Nurs. 2020 May-Jun;52:e77-e83. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.01.009. Epub 2020 Feb 1.
Greene MM, Rossman B, Patra K, Kratovil AL, Janes JE, Meier PP Depression, anxiety, and perinatal-specific posttraumatic distress in mothers of very low birth weight infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2015 Jun;36(5):362-70.
Ionio C, Mascheroni E, Colombo C, Castoldi F, Lista G Stress and feelings in mothers and fathers in NICU: identifying risk factors for early interventions. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2019 Jun 7;20:e81. doi: 10.1017/S1463423619000021.
Miles MS, Funk SG, Carlson J Parental Stressor Scale: neonatal intensive care unit. Nurs Res. 1993 May-Jun;42(3):148-52.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
