Stage IV Melanoma — Investigating Participation Patterns Among Stage IV Melanoma Patients
Citation(s)
Luen S, Wong SW, Mar V, Kelly JW, McLean C, McArthur GA, Haydon A Primary Tumor Thickness is a Prognostic Factor in Stage IV Melanoma: A Retrospective Study of Primary Tumor Characteristics. Am J Clin Oncol. 2018 Jan;41(1):90-94. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000226.
Scott JF, Conic RZ, Thompson CL, Gerstenblith MR, Bordeaux JS Stage IV melanoma of unknown primary: A population-based study in the United States from 1973 to 2014. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Aug;79(2):258-265.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.021. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Wevers KP, Hoekstra HJ Stage IV melanoma: completely resectable patients are scarce. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 Jul;20(7):2352-6. doi: 10.1245/s10434-013-2881-1. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Understanding Patient Engagement Trends in Stage IV Melanoma Clinical Trials
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
