Spastic Cerebral Palsy — Halliwick and Aquatic Exercises in Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Citation(s)
Adar S, Dündar Ü, Demirdal ÜS, Ulasli AM, Toktas H, Solak Ö The effect of aquatic exercise on spasticity, quality of life, and motor function in cerebral palsy. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017 Aug 14;63(3):239-248. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2017.280. eCollection 2017 Jun.
Akinola BI, Gbiri CA, Odebiyi DO Effect of a 10-Week Aquatic Exercise Training Program on Gross Motor Function in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Glob Pediatr Health. 2019 Jun 25;6:2333794X19857378. doi: 10.1177/2333794X19857378. eCollection 2019.
Ballington SJ, Naidoo R The carry-over effect of an aquatic-based intervention in children with cerebral palsy. Afr J Disabil. 2018 Oct 29;7(0):361. doi: 10.4102/ajod.v7i0.361. eCollection 2018.
Carayannopoulos AG, Han A, Burdenko IN The benefits of combining water and land-based therapy. J Exerc Rehabil. 2020 Feb 26;16(1):20-26. doi: 10.12965/jer.1938742.371. eCollection 2020 Feb. Review.
Gurpinar B, Kara B, Idiman E Effects of aquatic exercises on postural control and hand function in Multiple Sclerosis: Halliwick versus Aquatic Plyometric Exercises: a randomised trial. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2020 Jun 1;20(2):249-255.
Pérez-de la Cruz S Effect of an Aquatic Balance-Training Program in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Single-Group Experimental Pilot Study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Nov 28;56(12). pii: E656. doi: 10.3390/medicina56120656.
Terrens AF, Soh SE, Morgan P The safety and feasibility of a Halliwick style of aquatic physiotherapy for falls and balance dysfunction in people with Parkinson's Disease: A single blind pilot trial. PLoS One. 2020 Jul 30;15(7):e0236391. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236391. eCollection 2020.
Veldema J, Jansen P Aquatic therapy in stroke rehabilitation: systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021 Mar;143(3):221-241. doi: 10.1111/ane.13371. Epub 2020 Nov 22.
Comparison of Halliwick Exercises and Aquatic Excercices on Gross Motor Function, Trunk Stability and Hand Function in Spastic CP
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
