Sleep Disorders — Reducing Caregiver Stress and Sleep Disturbances in Patients With Progressive Dementia
Citation(s)
Adler NE, Ostrove JM Socioeconomic status and health: what we know and what we don't. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;896:3-15. Review.
Aspinwall LG, Taylor SE A stitch in time: self-regulation and proactive coping. Psychol Bull. 1997 May;121(3):417-36. Review.
Baron RM, Kenny DA The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Dec;51(6):1173-82.
Burkman RT, Collins JA, Greene RA Current perspectives on benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Aug;185(2 Suppl):S13-23. Review.
Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373-83.
Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98.
Foster JR Successful coping, adaptation and resilience in the elderly: an interpretation of epidemiologic data. Psychiatr Q. 1997 Fall;68(3):189-219. Review.
Gardner EM, Bernstein ED, Dorfman M, Abrutyn E, Murasko DM The age-associated decline in immune function of healthy individuals is not related to changes in plasma concentrations of beta-carotene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol or zinc. Mech Ageing Dev. 1997 Mar;94(1-3):55-69.
Gibbon M, McDonald-Scott P, Endicott J Mastering the art of research interviewing. A model training procedure for diagnostic evaluation. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981 Nov;38(11):1259-62.
Gurland BJ, Wilder DE The CARE interview revisited: development of an efficient, systematic clinical assessment. J Gerontol. 1984 Mar;39(2):129-37.
HAMILTON M A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960 Feb;23:56-62.
HAMILTON M The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol. 1959;32(1):50-5.
Horne JA, Ostberg O A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. Int J Chronobiol. 1976;4(2):97-110.
Kramer M Hypnotic medication in the treatment of chronic insomnia: non nocere! Doesn't anyone care? Sleep Med Rev. 2000 Dec;4(6):529-541.
Krueger JM, Obál F Jr, Fang J Humoral regulation of physiological sleep: cytokines and GHRH. J Sleep Res. 1999 Jun;8 Suppl 1:53-9. Review.
Kudielka BM, Schmidt-Reinwald AK, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C Psychological and endocrine responses to psychosocial stress and dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone in healthy postmenopausal women and young controls: the impact of age and a two-week estradiol treatment. Neuroendocrinology. 1999 Dec;70(6):422-30.
Lacks P, Rotert M Knowledge and practice of sleep hygiene techniques in insomniacs and good sleepers. Behav Res Ther. 1986;24(3):365-8.
Magnano CL, Diamond EJ, Gardner JM Use of salivary cortisol measurements in young infants: a note of caution. Child Dev. 1989 Oct;60(5):1099-101.
McHorney CA, Ware JE Jr, Raczek AE The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs. Med Care. 1993 Mar;31(3):247-63.
Monk TH, Petrie SR, Hayes AJ, Kupfer DJ Regularity of daily life in relation to personality, age, gender, sleep quality and circadian rhythms. J Sleep Res. 1994 Dec;3(4):196-205.
Ostrove JM, Adler NE, Kuppermann M, Washington AE Objective and subjective assessments of socioeconomic status and their relationship to self-rated health in an ethnically diverse sample of pregnant women. Health Psychol. 2000 Nov;19(6):613-8.
Pilcher JJ, Huffcutt AI Effects of sleep deprivation on performance: a meta-analysis. Sleep. 1996 May;19(4):318-26.
Prinz PN, Bailey SL, Woods DL Sleep impairments in healthy seniors: roles of stress, cortisol, and interleukin-1 beta. Chronobiol Int. 2000 May;17(3):391-404.
Redwine L, Hauger RL, Gillin JC, Irwin M Effects of sleep and sleep deprivation on interleukin-6, growth hormone, cortisol, and melatonin levels in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Oct;85(10):3597-603.
Russo J, Vitaliano PP Life events as correlates of burden in spouse caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease. Exp Aging Res. 1995 Jul-Sep;21(3):273-94.
Scheier MF, Bridges MW Person variables and health: personality predispositions and acute psychological states as shared determinants for disease. Psychosom Med. 1995 May-Jun;57(3):255-68. Review.
Smith CS, Reilly C, Midkiff K Evaluation of three circadian rhythm questionnaires with suggestions for an improved measure of morningness. J Appl Psychol. 1989 Oct;74(5):728-38.
Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire. JAMA. 1999 Nov 10;282(18):1737-44.
Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992 Jun;30(6):473-83.
Wedzicha JA Mechanisms of exacerbations. Novartis Found Symp. 2001;234:84-93; discussion 93-103. Review.
Williamson GM, Shaffer DR Relationship quality and potentially harmful behaviors by spousal caregivers: how we were then, how we are now. The Family Relationships in Late Life Project. Psychol Aging. 2001 Jun;16(2):217-26.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.