Ferrero NA, Morrell DS, Burkhart CN Skin scan: a demonstration of the need for FDA regulation of medical apps on iPhone. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013 Mar;68(3):515-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.10.045. No abstract available.
Jacobson CC, Resneck JS Jr, Kimball AB Generational differences in practice patterns of dermatologists in the United States: implications for workforce planning. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Dec;140(12):1477-82. doi: 10.1001/archderm.140.12.1477.
Robson Y, Blackford S, Roberts D Caution in melanoma risk analysis with smartphone application technology. Br J Dermatol. 2012 Sep;167(3):703-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11046.x. Epub 2012 Jul 5. No abstract available.
Tsang MW, Resneck JS Jr Even patients with changing moles face long dermatology appointment wait-times: a study of simulated patient calls to dermatologists. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Jul;55(1):54-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.04.001. Epub 2006 May 6.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
