Sickle Cell Disease — Gaming Technology to Engage Adolescent Sickle Cell Patients in Pain Management
Citation(s)
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Bhagat VM, Baviskar SR, Mudey AB, Goyal RC Poor health related quality of life among patients of sickle cell disease. Indian J Palliat Care. 2014 May;20(2):107-11. doi: 10.4103/0973-1075.132622.
Cope A, Darbyshire PJ Sickle cell disease, update on management. Paediatrics and Child Health. 2013;23(11):480-485.
Crandall M, Savedra M Multidimensional assessment using the adolescent pediatric pain tool: a case report. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2005 Jul-Sep;10(3):115-23. Review.
Dampier C, Ely B, Brodecki D, O'Neal P Characteristics of pain managed at home in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease by using diary self-reports. J Pain. 2002 Dec;3(6):461-70.
Franck LS, Treadwell M, Jacob E, Vichinsky E Assessment of sickle cell pain in children and young adults using the adolescent pediatric pain tool. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Feb;23(2):114-20.
Lopez G, Liles DK, Knupp CL Edmonton Symptom Assessment System for outpatient symptom monitoring of sickle cell disease. South Med J. 2014 Dec;107(12):768-72. doi: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000209.
Mukerji I About sickle cell disease.Sicklecellinfo.net Web site. Available at: http://www.sicklecellinfo.net/index.htm. Published 2004. Updated March 5, 2004. Accessed March 5, 2015.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
