NCT01696188 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Antonakakis JG, Sites BD, Shiffrin J
Ultrasound-guided posterior approach for the placement of a continuous interscalene catheter. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009 Jan-Feb;34(1):64-8. doi: 10.1016/AAP.0b013e3181933a53.
Fredrickson MJ, Ball CM, Dalgleish AJ
Posterior versus anterolateral approach interscalene catheter placement: a prospective randomized trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 Mar-Apr;36(2):125-33.
Mariano ER, Loland VJ, Ilfeld BM
Interscalene perineural catheter placement using an ultrasound-guided posterior approach. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009 Jan-Feb;34(1):60-3. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181933af7.

Comparison of In-Plane vs. Out-of-Plane Ultrasound-Guided Approach for Interscalene Nerve Catheters: a Prospective, Randomized Trial

Clinical trial NCT01696188 - References