Schizophrenia — Positive Emotions Program for Schizophrenia (PEPS)
Citation(s)
Chaix J, Golay P, Fankhauser C, Nguyen A, Gooding DC, Favrod J Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the French Version of the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale. Front Psychol. 2017 Jul 28;8:1296. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01296. eCollection 2017.
Favrod J, Giuliani F, Ernst F, Bonsack C Anticipatory pleasure skills training: a new intervention to reduce anhedonia in schizophrenia. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2010 Jul;46(3):171-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6163.2010.00255.x.
Golay P, Thonon B, Nguyen A, Fankhauser C, Favrod J Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the French Version of the Savoring Beliefs Inventory. Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 19;9:181. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00181. eCollection 2018.
Nguyen A, Frobert L, McCluskey I, Golay P, Bonsack C, Favrod J Development of the Positive Emotions Program for Schizophrenia: An Intervention to Improve Pleasure and Motivation in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry. 2016 Feb 17;7:13. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00013. eCollection 2016.
Positive Emotions Program for Schizophrenia (PEPS): A Randomized Controlled Study on Improving Pleasure and Motivation in Schizophrenia
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.