SARS-CoV-2 — High-Dose Moderna mRNA-1273 Booster Study for Lung Transplant Recipients
Citation(s)
Abu S, Roguin A, Hellou E, Ishai A, Shoshan U, Mahamid L Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ' s public news and information . 2020;
Kamar N, Abravanel F, Marion O, Couat C, Izopet J, Del Bello A Three Doses of an mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients. N Engl J Med. 2021 Aug 12;385(7):661-662. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2108861. Epub 2021 Jun 23. No abstract available.
Kamp JC, Hinrichs JB, Fuge J, Ewen R, Gottlieb J COVID-19 in lung transplant recipients-Risk prediction and outcomes. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 6;16(10):e0257807. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257807. eCollection 2021.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.