Renal Disease, End-Stage — Incremental Haemodialysis in Incident Patients
Citation(s)
Bolasco P, Cupisti A, Locatelli F, Caria S, Kalantar-Zadeh K Dietary Management of Incremental Transition to Dialysis Therapy: Once-Weekly Hemodialysis Combined With Low-Protein Diet. J Ren Nutr. 2016 Nov;26(6):352-359. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2016.01.015. Epub 2016 Feb 28. Erratum In: J Ren Nutr. 2017 Jan;27(1):74.
Caria S, Cupisti A, Sau G, Bolasco P The incremental treatment of ESRD: a low-protein diet combined with weekly hemodialysis may be beneficial for selected patients. BMC Nephrol. 2014 Oct 29;15:172. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-15-172.
Casino FG, Basile C The variable target model: a paradigm shift in the incremental haemodialysis prescription. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017 Jan 1;32(1):182-190. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw339.
Clark EG, Bagshaw SM Unnecessary renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury is harmful for renal recovery. Semin Dial. 2015 Jan-Feb;28(1):6-11. doi: 10.1111/sdi.12300. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Fernandez Lucas M, Teruel JL Incremental hemodialysis schedule at the start of renal replacement therapy. Nefrologia. 2017 Jan-Feb;37(1):1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2016.08.002. Epub 2016 Oct 1. No abstract available. English, Spanish.
Libetta C, Esposito P, Dal Canton A Once-weekly hemodialysis: a single-center experience. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Feb;65(2):343. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.034. No abstract available.
Mathew AT, Fishbane S, Obi Y, Kalantar-Zadeh K Preservation of residual kidney function in hemodialysis patients: reviving an old concept. Kidney Int. 2016 Aug;90(2):262-271. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.02.037. Epub 2016 May 12.
National Kidney Foundation KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Hemodialysis Adequacy: 2015 update. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Nov;66(5):884-930. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.07.015. Erratum In: Am J Kidney Dis. 2016 Mar;67(3):534.
Patel N, Hu SL Preserving residual renal function in dialysis: what we know. Semin Dial. 2015 May-Jun;28(3):250-8. doi: 10.1111/sdi.12302. Epub 2014 Sep 18.
Shafi T, Jaar BG, Plantinga LC, Fink NE, Sadler JH, Parekh RS, Powe NR, Coresh J Association of residual urine output with mortality, quality of life, and inflammation in incident hemodialysis patients: the Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for End-Stage Renal Disease (CHOICE) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 Aug;56(2):348-58. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.03.020. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
Toth-Manikowski SM, Shafi T Hemodialysis Prescription for Incident Patients: Twice Seems Nice, But Is It Incremental? Am J Kidney Dis. 2016 Aug;68(2):180-183. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.04.005. No abstract available.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.