Remission — Changing Trunk Muscle Activation in Patients With Recurrent Low Back Pain in Remission
Citation(s)
Brandt M, Danneels L, Meirezonne H, Van Oosterwijck J, Willems T, Matheve T Clinically assessed lumbopelvic sensorimotor control tests in low back pain: are they actually valid? A systematic review according to COSMIN guidelines. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2024 Jun;71:102953. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.102953. Epub 2024 Apr 7.
Hebert JJ, Koppenhaver SL, Teyhen DS, Walker BF, Fritz JM The evaluation of lumbar multifidus muscle function via palpation: reliability and validity of a new clinical test. Spine J. 2015 Jun 1;15(6):1196-202. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.08.056. Epub 2013 Oct 4.
Hodges PW, Danneels L Changes in Structure and Function of the Back Muscles in Low Back Pain: Different Time Points, Observations, and Mechanisms. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Jun;49(6):464-476. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8827.
Matheve T, Hodges P, Danneels L The Role of Back Muscle Dysfunctions in Chronic Low Back Pain: State-of-the-Art and Clinical Implications. J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 24;12(17):5510. doi: 10.3390/jcm12175510.
Meier R, Iten P, Luomajoki H Clinical assessments can discriminate altered body perception in patients with unilateral chronic low back pain, but not differences between affected and unaffected side. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2019 Feb;39:136-143. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.12.006. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Stanton TR, Latimer J, Maher CG, Hancock MJ A modified Delphi approach to standardize low back pain recurrence terminology. Eur Spine J. 2011 May;20(5):744-52. doi: 10.1007/s00586-010-1671-8. Epub 2010 Dec 31.
Tsao H, Druitt TR, Schollum TM, Hodges PW Motor training of the lumbar paraspinal muscles induces immediate changes in motor coordination in patients with recurrent low back pain. J Pain. 2010 Nov;11(11):1120-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.02.004.
Tsao H, Hodges PW Immediate changes in feedforward postural adjustments following voluntary motor training. Exp Brain Res. 2007 Aug;181(4):537-46. doi: 10.1007/s00221-007-0950-z. Epub 2007 May 3.
Changing Trunk Muscle Activation in Patients With Recurrent Low Back Pain in Remission
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
