Regional Anesthesia — Retrospective Evaluation of Effect of Anterior Iliac Block
Citation(s)
Black ND, Malhas L, Jin R, Bhatia A, Chan VWS, Chin KJ The analgesic efficacy of the transversalis fascia plane block in iliac crest bone graft harvesting: a randomized controlled trial. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2019 Aug;72(4):336-343. doi: 10.4097/kja.d.18.00352. Epub 2019 Mar 19.
Gundes H, Kilickan L, Gurkan Y, Sarlak A, Toker K Short- and long-term effects of regional application of morphine and bupivacaine on the iliac crest donor site. Acta Orthop Belg. 2000 Oct;66(4):341-4.
Shin SR, Tornetta P 3rd Donor Site Morbidity After Anterior Iliac Bone Graft Harvesting. J Orthop Trauma. 2016 Jun;30(6):340-3. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000551.
Sondekoppam RV, Ip V, Johnston DF, Uppal V, Johnson M, Ganapathy S, Tsui BCH Ultrasound-guided lateral-medial transmuscular quadratus lumborum block for analgesia following anterior iliac crest bone graft harvesting: a clinical and anatomical study. Can J Anaesth. 2018 Feb;65(2):178-187. doi: 10.1007/s12630-017-1021-y. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
Retrospective Evaluation of Postoperative Analgesia Efficacy of the Anterior Iliac Block in Anterior Iliac Crest Bone Graft Harvesting: Preliminary Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
