Forero M, Adhikary SD, Lopez H, Tsui C, Chin KJ The Erector Spinae Plane Block: A Novel Analgesic Technique in Thoracic Neuropathic Pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):621-7. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000451.
Forero M, Rajarathinam M, Adhikary SD, Chin KJ Erector spinae plane block for the management of chronic shoulder pain: a case report. Can J Anaesth. 2018 Mar;65(3):288-293. doi: 10.1007/s12630-017-1010-1. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
Ivanusic J, Konishi Y, Barrington MJ A Cadaveric Study Investigating the Mechanism of Action of Erector Spinae Blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018 Aug;43(6):567-571. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000789.
Sotome S, Sawada A, Wada A, Shima H, Kutomi G, Yamakage M Erector spinae plane block versus retrolaminar block for postoperative analgesia after breast surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Anesth. 2021 Feb;35(1):27-34. doi: 10.1007/s00540-020-02855-y. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
Takahashi H, Suzuki T Erector spinae plane block for low back pain in failed back surgery syndrome: a case report. JA Clin Rep. 2018 Aug 27;4(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s40981-018-0198-6.
Tulgar S, Balaban O Spread of local anesthetic in erector spine plane block at thoracic and lumbar levels. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Jan;44(1):134-135. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2018-000027.
Tulgar S, Selvi O, Senturk O, Serifsoy TE, Thomas DT Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block: Indications, Complications, and Effects on Acute and Chronic Pain Based on a Single-center Experience. Cureus. 2019 Jan 2;11(1):e3815. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3815.
Tulgar S, Thomas DT, Suslu H Ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block relieves lower cervical and interscapular myofascial pain, a new indication. J Clin Anesth. 2019 Mar;53:74. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
Evaluation of Erector Spina Plane Block(ESPB)'s Effectiveness on Patients With Lumbar Radiculopathy
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
