Quality of Life — The Effect of Malocclusions on Oral Health Related Quality of Life
Citation(s)
Brook PH, Shaw WC The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority. Eur J Orthod. 1989 Aug;11(3):309-20. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.ejo.a035999.
Daniels C, Richmond S The development of the index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON). J Orthod. 2000 Jun;27(2):149-62. doi: 10.1093/ortho/27.2.149. Erratum In: J Orthod 2002 Mar;29(1):81.
Dimberg L, Lennartsson B, Bondemark L, Arnrup K Validity and reliability of the Swedish versions of the short-form Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 and Parental Perceptions Questionnaire. Acta Odontol Scand. 2019 Nov;77(8):630-635. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1634282. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
Goranson E, Norevall LI, Bagesund M, Dimberg L Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for adolescents. Acta Odontol Scand. 2021 May;79(4):241-247. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1823014. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Jokovic A, Locker D, Guyatt G Short forms of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire for 11-14-year-old children (CPQ11-14): development and initial evaluation. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2006 Jan 19;4:4. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-4-4.
Klages U, Claus N, Wehrbein H, Zentner A Development of a questionnaire for assessment of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in young adults. Eur J Orthod. 2006 Apr;28(2):103-11. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cji083. Epub 2005 Oct 28.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life - The Effect of Malocclusions, Gender, Socioeconomic Differences and Orthodontic Treatment Among Adolescents
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
