Pulmonary Ventilation — Comparison of Ventilation Tubes Among Anesthetized Pediatrics
Citation(s)
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Glenski TA, Diehl C, Clopton RG, Friesen RH Breathing circuit compliance and accuracy of displayed tidal volume during pressure-controlled ventilation of infants: A quality improvement project. Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Sep;27(9):935-941. doi: 10.1111/pan.13164. Epub 2017 May 15.
Kneyber MC Intraoperative mechanical ventilation for the pediatric patient. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2015 Sep;29(3):371-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Oct 14. Review.
von Goedecke A, Brimacombe J, Hörmann C, Jeske HC, Kleinsasser A, Keller C Pressure support ventilation versus continuous positive airway pressure ventilation with the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway: a randomized crossover study of anesthetized pediatric patients. Anesth Analg. 2005 Feb;100(2):357-60.
The Influences of Different Type of Ventilation Breathing Tube Among Children and Neonate Under General Anesthesia
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
