PTSD — Individual PE vs Couples' CBT for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Citation(s)
Carroll EM, Rueger DB, Foy DW, Donahoe CP Jr Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: analysis of marital and cohabitating adjustment. J Abnorm Psychol. 1985 Aug;94(3):329-37.
Foa EB, Dancu CV, Hembree EA, Jaycox LH, Meadows EA, Street GP A comparison of exposure therapy, stress inoculation training, and their combination for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder in female assault victims. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999 Apr;67(2):194-200.
Foa EB, Hembree EA, Cahill SP, Rauch SA, Riggs DS, Feeny NC, Yadin E Randomized trial of prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder with and without cognitive restructuring: outcome at academic and community clinics. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Oct;73(5):953-64.
MacDonald C, Chamberlain K, Long N, Flett R Posttraumatic stress disorder and interpersonal functioning in Vietnam War veterans: a mediational model. J Trauma Stress. 1999 Oct;12(4):701-7.
Monson CM, Guthrie KA, Stevens SP Cognitive-behavioral couple's treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavior Therapist. 2003; 26:393-401.
Monson CM, Rodriguez BF, Warner R Cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD in the real world: do interpersonal relationships make a real difference? J Clin Psychol. 2005 Jun;61(6):751-61.
Riggs DS, Byrne CA, Weathers FW, Litz BT The quality of the intimate relationships of male Vietnam veterans: problems associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1998 Jan;11(1):87-101.
Individual Prolonged Exposure (PE) Versus Couples' Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.