Psychoses — Patient-controlled Admissions in Inpatient Mental Health Services
Citation(s)
Heskestad S, Tytlandsvik M [Patient-guided crisis admissions for severe psychotic conditions]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2008 Jan 3;128(1):32-5. Norwegian.
Lloyd-Evans B, Slade M, Jagielska D, Johnson S Residential alternatives to acute psychiatric hospital admission: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Aug;195(2):109-17. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.058347. Review.
Nyttingnes O, Šaltyte Benth J, Ruud T Patient-controlled admission contracts: a longitudinal study of patient evaluations. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Jan 7;21(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-06033-4.
Nyttingnes O, Ruud T When patients decide the admission - a four year pre-post study of changes in admissions and inpatient days following patient controlled admission contracts. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Mar 18;20(1):229. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05101-z
Strand M, Gustafsson SA, Bulik CM, von Hausswolff-Juhlin Y Patient-controlled hospital admission: A novel concept in the treatment of severe eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2015 Nov;48(7):842-4. doi: 10.1002/eat.22445. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
Wills CE, Holmes-Rovner M Integrating Decision Making and Mental Health Interventions Research: Research Directions. Clin Psychol (New York). 2006;13(1):9-25.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
