Clinical trial NCT03031821 - References

Prostate Cancer — Metformin in Patients Initiating ADT as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome

Citation(s)

•   Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, Filiberti A, Flechtner H, Fleishman SB, de Haes JC, et al
  The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Mar 3;85(5):365-76. doi: 10.1093/jnci/85.5.365.
•   Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr; International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; Hational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Association for the Study of Obesity
  Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009 Oct 20;120(16):1640-5. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644. Epub 2009 Oct 5.
•   Antuna-Puente B, Disse E, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Laville M, Capeau J, Bastard JP
  How can we measure insulin sensitivity/resistance? Diabetes Metab. 2011 Jun;37(3):179-88. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
•   Bailey CJ, Turner RC
  Metformin. N Engl J Med. 1996 Feb 29;334(9):574-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199602293340906. No abstract available.
•   Basaria S, Muller DC, Carducci MA, Egan J, Dobs AS
  Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in men with prostate carcinoma who receive androgen-deprivation therapy. Cancer. 2006 Feb 1;106(3):581-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.21642.
•   Borai A, Livingstone C, Kaddam I, Ferns G
  Selection of the appropriate method for the assessment of insulin resistance. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2011 Nov 23;11:158. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-158.
•   Bosco C, Crawley D, Adolfsson J, Rudman S, Van Hemelrijck M
  Quantifying the evidence for the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components following androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 20;10(3):e0117344. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117344. eCollection 2015.
•   Brackett CC
  Clarifying metformin's role and risks in liver dysfunction. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2010 May-Jun;50(3):407-10. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2010.08090.
•   Braga-Basaria M, Dobs AS, Muller DC, Carducci MA, John M, Egan J, Basaria S
  Metabolic syndrome in men with prostate cancer undergoing long-term androgen-deprivation therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Aug 20;24(24):3979-83. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2006.05.9741.
•   Bridges HR, Jones AJ, Pollak MN, Hirst J
  Effects of metformin and other biguanides on oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Biochem J. 2014 Sep 15;462(3):475-87. doi: 10.1042/BJ20140620.
•   Canadian Cancer Society
  Canadian Cancer Statistics 2015: Canadian Cancer Society; 2015 [Available from: http://www.cancer.ca/].
•   Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee; Goldenberg R, Punthakee Z
  Definition, classification and diagnosis of diabetes, prediabetes and metabolic syndrome. Can J Diabetes. 2013 Apr;37 Suppl 1:S8-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.01.011. Epub 2013 Mar 26. No abstract available.
•   Carmack Taylor CL, Demoor C, Smith MA, Dunn AL, Basen-Engquist K, Nielsen I, Pettaway C, Sellin R, Massey P, Gritz ER
  Active for Life After Cancer: a randomized trial examining a lifestyle physical activity program for prostate cancer patients. Psychooncology. 2006 Oct;15(10):847-62. doi: 10.1002/pon.1023.
•   Cleffi S, Neto AS, Reis LO, Maia P, Fonseca F, Wroclawski ML, Neves M, Pompeo AC, Del Giglio A, Faria EF, Tobias-Machado M
  [Androgen deprivation therapy and morbid obesity: do they share cardiovascular risk through metabolic syndrome?]. Actas Urol Esp. 2011 May;35(5):259-65. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2011.01.011. Epub 2011 Apr 2. Spanish.
•   Cox ME, Gleave ME, Zakikhani M, Bell RH, Piura E, Vickers E, Cunningham M, Larsson O, Fazli L, Pollak M
  Insulin receptor expression by human prostate cancers. Prostate. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):33-40. doi: 10.1002/pros.20852.
•   Crook JM, O'Callaghan CJ, Duncan G, Dearnaley DP, Higano CS, Horwitz EM, Frymire E, Malone S, Chin J, Nabid A, Warde P, Corbett T, Angyalfi S, Goldenberg SL, Gospodarowicz MK, Saad F, Logue JP, Hall E, Schellhammer PF, Ding K, Klotz L
  Intermittent androgen suppression for rising PSA level after radiotherapy. N Engl J Med. 2012 Sep 6;367(10):895-903. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1201546. Erratum In: N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6;367(23):2262.
•   Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)
  UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998 Sep 12;352(9131):854-65. Erratum In: Lancet 1998 Nov 7;352(9139):1558.
•   Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults
  Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486. No abstract available.
•   Feig DS, Moses RG
  Metformin therapy during pregnancy: good for the goose and good for the gosling too? Diabetes Care. 2011 Oct;34(10):2329-30. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1153. No abstract available.
•   Ford ES, Li C
  Metabolic syndrome and health-related quality of life among U.S. adults. Ann Epidemiol. 2008 Mar;18(3):165-71. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.10.009.
•   Foretz M, Guigas B, Bertrand L, Pollak M, Viollet B
  Metformin: from mechanisms of action to therapies. Cell Metab. 2014 Dec 2;20(6):953-66. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.09.018. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
•   Forslund K, Hildebrand F, Nielsen T, Falony G, Le Chatelier E, Sunagawa S, Prifti E, Vieira-Silva S, Gudmundsdottir V, Pedersen HK, Arumugam M, Kristiansen K, Voigt AY, Vestergaard H, Hercog R, Costea PI, Kultima JR, Li J, Jorgensen T, Levenez F, Dore J; MetaHIT consortium; Nielsen HB, Brunak S, Raes J, Hansen T, Wang J, Ehrlich SD, Bork P, Pedersen O
  Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota. Nature. 2015 Dec 10;528(7581):262-266. doi: 10.1038/nature15766. Epub 2015 Dec 2. Erratum In: Nature. 2017 May 3;545(7652):116.
•   Generali JA, Cada DJ
  Metformin: prevention and treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Hosp Pharm. 2013 Oct;48(9):734-77. doi: 10.1310/hpj4809-734.
•   Godin G, Shephard RJ
  A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1985 Sep;10(3):141-6.
•   Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Morales PA, Stern MP
  Prospective analysis of the insulin-resistance syndrome (syndrome X). Diabetes. 1992 Jun;41(6):715-22. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.6.715.
•   Hermann LS, Schersten B, Bitzen PO, Kjellstrom T, Lindgarde F, Melander A
  Therapeutic comparison of metformin and sulfonylurea, alone and in various combinations. A double-blind controlled study. Diabetes Care. 1994 Oct;17(10):1100-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.10.1100.
•   Hong J, Zhang Y, Lai S, Lv A, Su Q, Dong Y, Zhou Z, Tang W, Zhao J, Cui L, Zou D, Wang D, Li H, Liu C, Wu G, Shen J, Zhu D, Wang W, Shen W, Ning G; SPREAD-DIMCAD Investigators
  Effects of metformin versus glipizide on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Diabetes Care. 2013 May;36(5):1304-11. doi: 10.2337/dc12-0719. Epub 2012 Dec 10.
•   Hussain M, Tangen CM, Berry DL, Higano CS, Crawford ED, Liu G, Wilding G, Prescott S, Kanaga Sundaram S, Small EJ, Dawson NA, Donnelly BJ, Venner PM, Vaishampayan UN, Schellhammer PF, Quinn DI, Raghavan D, Ely B, Moinpour CM, Vogelzang NJ, Thompson IM Jr
  Intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 4;368(14):1314-25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212299.
•   Inzucchi SE, Lipska KJ, Mayo H, Bailey CJ, McGuire DK
  Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review. JAMA. 2014 Dec 24-31;312(24):2668-75. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.15298.
•   James ND, Sydes MR, Clarke NW, Mason MD, Dearnaley DP, Spears MR, Ritchie AW, Parker CC, Russell JM, Attard G, de Bono J, Cross W, Jones RJ, Thalmann G, Amos C, Matheson D, Millman R, Alzouebi M, Beesley S, Birtle AJ, Brock S, Cathomas R, Chakraborti P, Chowdhury S, Cook A, Elliott T, Gale J, Gibbs S, Graham JD, Hetherington J, Hughes R, Laing R, McKinna F, McLaren DB, O'Sullivan JM, Parikh O, Peedell C, Protheroe A, Robinson AJ, Srihari N, Srinivasan R, Staffurth J, Sundar S, Tolan S, Tsang D, Wagstaff J, Parmar MK; STAMPEDE investigators
  Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016 Mar 19;387(10024):1163-77. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01037-5. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
•   Johnson NP
  Metformin use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Transl Med. 2014 Jun;2(6):56. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.04.15.
•   Joshua AM, Zannella VE, Downes MR, Bowes B, Hersey K, Koritzinsky M, Schwab M, Hofmann U, Evans A, van der Kwast T, Trachtenberg J, Finelli A, Fleshner N, Sweet J, Pollak M
  A pilot 'window of opportunity' neoadjuvant study of metformin in localised prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2014 Sep;17(3):252-8. doi: 10.1038/pcan.2014.20. Epub 2014 May 27.
•   Kaplan NM
  The deadly quartet and the insulin resistance syndrome: an historical overview. Hypertens Res. 1996 Jun;19 Suppl 1:S9-11. doi: 10.1291/hypres.19.supplementi_s9.
•   Katz A, Nambi SS, Mather K, Baron AD, Follmann DA, Sullivan G, Quon MJ
  Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index: a simple, accurate method for assessing insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Jul;85(7):2402-10. doi: 10.1210/jcem.85.7.6661.
•   Keating NL, Liu PH, O'Malley AJ, Freedland SJ, Smith MR
  Androgen-deprivation therapy and diabetes control among diabetic men with prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2014 Apr;65(4):816-24. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.02.023. Epub 2013 Feb 22.
•   Kylin E
  Studien ueber das Hypertonie-Hyperglykaemie-Hyperurikaemiesydrom. Zentralblatt fuer Innere Medizin. 1923;44:105-27.
•   Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J, Salonen JT
  The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002 Dec 4;288(21):2709-16. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.21.2709.
•   Lipska KJ, Bailey CJ, Inzucchi SE
  Use of metformin in the setting of mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency. Diabetes Care. 2011 Jun;34(6):1431-7. doi: 10.2337/dc10-2361. No abstract available.
•   Ma J, Li H, Giovannucci E, Mucci L, Qiu W, Nguyen PL, Gaziano JM, Pollak M, Stampfer MJ
  Prediagnostic body-mass index, plasma C-peptide concentration, and prostate cancer-specific mortality in men with prostate cancer: a long-term survival analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2008 Nov;9(11):1039-47. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70235-3. Epub 2008 Oct 3.
•   Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, Kamath TV, L'Italien GJ, Pio JR, Williams GR
  Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation. 2004 Sep 7;110(10):1245-50. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000140677.20606.0E. Epub 2004 Aug 23.
•   Margel D, Urbach DR, Lipscombe LL, Bell CM, Kulkarni G, Austin PC, Fleshner N
  Metformin use and all-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality among men with diabetes. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Sep 1;31(25):3069-75. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.7043. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
•   Martin-Montalvo A, Mercken EM, Mitchell SJ, Palacios HH, Mote PL, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Gomes AP, Ward TM, Minor RK, Blouin MJ, Schwab M, Pollak M, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Becker KG, Bohr VA, Ingram DK, Sinclair DA, Wolf NS, Spindler SR, Bernier M, de Cabo R
  Metformin improves healthspan and lifespan in mice. Nat Commun. 2013;4:2192. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3192.
•   Miettola J, Niskanen LK, Viinamaki H, Sintonen H, Kumpusalo E
  Metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired health-related quality of life: Lapinlahti 2005 study. Qual Life Res. 2008 Oct;17(8):1055-62. doi: 10.1007/s11136-008-9386-6. Epub 2008 Aug 31.
•   Mohler JL, Armstrong AJ, Bahnson RR, D'Amico AV, Davis BJ, Eastham JA, Enke CA, Farrington TA, Higano CS, Horwitz EM, Hurwitz M, Kane CJ, Kawachi MH, Kuettel M, Lee RJ, Meeks JJ, Penson DF, Plimack ER, Pow-Sang JM, Raben D, Richey S, Roach M 3rd, Rosenfeld S, Schaeffer E, Skolarus TA, Small EJ, Sonpavde G, Srinivas S, Strope SA, Tward J, Shead DA, Freedman-Cass DA
  Prostate Cancer, Version 1.2016. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2016 Jan;14(1):19-30. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0004.
•   Morote J, Ropero J, Planas J, Celma A, Placer J, Ferrer R, de Torres I
  Metabolic syndrome in patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen suppression. Actas Urol Esp. 2014 Jun;38(5):285-9. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2013.09.008. Epub 2013 Dec 20. English, Spanish.
•   Mottillo S, Filion KB, Genest J, Joseph L, Pilote L, Poirier P, Rinfret S, Schiffrin EL, Eisenberg MJ
  The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Sep 28;56(14):1113-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.05.034.
•   Nguyen PL, Alibhai SM, Basaria S, D'Amico AV, Kantoff PW, Keating NL, Penson DF, Rosario DJ, Tombal B, Smith MR
  Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy and strategies to mitigate them. Eur Urol. 2015 May;67(5):825-36. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.07.010. Epub 2014 Aug 2.
•   Nobes JP, Langley SE, Klopper T, Russell-Jones D, Laing RW
  A prospective, randomized pilot study evaluating the effects of metformin and lifestyle intervention on patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy. BJU Int. 2012 May;109(10):1495-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10555.x. Epub 2011 Sep 20.
•   Orchard TJ, Temprosa M, Goldberg R, Haffner S, Ratner R, Marcovina S, Fowler S; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
  The effect of metformin and intensive lifestyle intervention on the metabolic syndrome: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Apr 19;142(8):611-9. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-142-8-200504190-00009.
•   Osoba D, Rodrigues G, Myles J, Zee B, Pater J
  Interpreting the significance of changes in health-related quality-of-life scores. J Clin Oncol. 1998 Jan;16(1):139-44. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.139.
•   Park SS, Yoon YS, Oh SW
  Health-related quality of life in metabolic syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Mar;91(3):381-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.11.010. Epub 2010 Dec 4.
•   Pollak M
  Overcoming Drug Development Bottlenecks With Repurposing: Repurposing biguanides to target energy metabolism for cancer treatment. Nat Med. 2014 Jun;20(6):591-3. doi: 10.1038/nm.3596. No abstract available.
•   Pollak M
  Potential applications for biguanides in oncology. J Clin Invest. 2013 Sep;123(9):3693-700. doi: 10.1172/JCI67232. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
•   Pollak MN
  Investigating metformin for cancer prevention and treatment: the end of the beginning. Cancer Discov. 2012 Sep;2(9):778-90. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0263. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
•   Reaven GM
  Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988 Dec;37(12):1595-607. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.12.1595.
•   Riediger ND, Clara I
  Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Canadian adult population. CMAJ. 2011 Oct 18;183(15):E1127-34. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.110070. Epub 2011 Sep 12. Erratum In: CMAJ. 2019 Feb 4;191(5):E141.
•   Rosenberg DE, Norman GJ, Wagner N, Patrick K, Calfas KJ, Sallis JF
  Reliability and validity of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) for adults. J Phys Act Health. 2010 Nov;7(6):697-705. doi: 10.1123/jpah.7.6.697.
•   Rothermundt C, Hayoz S, Templeton AJ, Winterhalder R, Strebel RT, Bartschi D, Pollak M, Lui L, Endt K, Schiess R, Ruschoff JH, Cathomas R, Gillessen S
  Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). Eur Urol. 2014 Sep;66(3):468-74. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.12.057. Epub 2014 Jan 4.
•   Saylor PJ, Smith MR
  Metabolic complications of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. J Urol. 2013 Jan;189(1 Suppl):S34-42; discussion S43-4. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.11.017.
•   Segal RJ, Reid RD, Courneya KS, Malone SC, Parliament MB, Scott CG, Venner PM, Quinney HA, Jones LW, D'Angelo ME, Wells GA
  Resistance exercise in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003 May 1;21(9):1653-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.534.
•   Segal RJ, Reid RD, Courneya KS, Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Prud'Homme DG, Malone SC, Wells GA, Scott CG, Slovinec D'Angelo ME
  Randomized controlled trial of resistance or aerobic exercise in men receiving radiation therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Jan 20;27(3):344-51. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.4963. Epub 2008 Dec 8.
•   Sherifali D, Nerenberg K, Pullenayegum E, Cheng JE, Gerstein HC
  The effect of oral antidiabetic agents on A1C levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010 Aug;33(8):1859-64. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1727. Epub 2010 May 18.
•   Smith MR, Lee H, Nathan DM
  Insulin sensitivity during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Apr;91(4):1305-8. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2507. Epub 2006 Jan 24.
•   Solymoss BC, Bourassa MG, Campeau L, Sniderman A, Marcil M, Lesperance J, Levesque S, Varga S
  Effect of increasing metabolic syndrome score on atherosclerotic risk profile and coronary artery disease angiographic severity. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Jan 15;93(2):159-64. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.09.032.
•   Spratt DE, Zhang C, Zumsteg ZS, Pei X, Zhang Z, Zelefsky MJ
  Metformin and prostate cancer: reduced development of castration-resistant disease and prostate cancer mortality. Eur Urol. 2013 Apr;63(4):709-16. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.12.004. Epub 2012 Dec 14.
•   Tsai HK, D'Amico AV, Sadetsky N, Chen MH, Carroll PR
  Androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer and the risk of cardiovascular mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Oct 17;99(20):1516-24. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djm168. Epub 2007 Oct 9.
•   Tsai HT, Keating NL, Van Den Eeden SK, Haque R, Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Ulcickas Yood M, Smith MR, Potosky AL
  Risk of diabetes among patients receiving primary androgen deprivation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 2015 Jun;193(6):1956-62. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.12.027. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
•   United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)
  13: Relative efficacy of randomly allocated diet, sulphonylurea, insulin, or metformin in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes followed for three years. BMJ. 1995 Jan 14;310(6972):83-8.
•   United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 24: a 6-year, randomized, controlled trial comparing sulfonylurea, insulin, and metformin therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes that could not be controlled with diet therapy
  United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1998 Feb 1;128(3):165-75. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-128-3-199802010-00001.
•   Venkateswaran V, Haddad AQ, Fleshner NE, Fan R, Sugar LM, Nam R, Klotz LH, Pollak M
  Association of diet-induced hyperinsulinemia with accelerated growth of prostate cancer (LNCaP) xenografts. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Dec 5;99(23):1793-800. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djm231. Epub 2007 Nov 27.

A Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Metformin in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome: The Prime Study

Details for clinical trial NCT03031821