Prostate Cancer — Surgery Versus Internal Radiation in Treating Patients With Stage II Prostate Cancer
Citation(s)
Crook J, Wallace K, Jewett M, et al : Enhancing enrollment in difficult randomized trials: the profile of men accepting randomization to SPIRIT (surgical prostatectomy vs interstitial radiation). [Abstract] 2006 Prostate Cancer Symposium, February 24-26, 2006, San Francisco, CA. A-295, 2006.
Crook JM, Gomez-Iturriaga A, Wallace K, et al : Comparison of health-related quality of life 5 years after SPIRIT (Surgical Prostatectomy [RP] versus Interstitial Radiation [BT] Intervention trial ACOSOG Z0070). [Abstract] 2010 Genitourinary Cancers Sympo
Wallace K, Fleshner N, Jewett M, Basiuk J, Crook J Impact of a multi-disciplinary patient education session on accrual to a difficult clinical trial: the Toronto experience with the surgical prostatectomy versus interstitial radiation intervention trial. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Sep 1;24(25):4158-62.
A Randomized Trial of Radical Prostatectomy Versus Brachytherapy for Patients With T1c or T2a N0 M0 Prostate Cancer
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
