Prenatal Stress — Promoting Healthy Brain Development: Wellness for 2 Study
Citation(s)
de Bruijn AT, van Bakel HJ, van Baar AL Sex differences in the relation between prenatal maternal emotional complaints and child outcome. Early Hum Dev. 2009 May;85(5):319-24. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.12.009. Epub 2009 Jan 21.
Kinsella MT, Monk C Impact of maternal stress, depression and anxiety on fetal neurobehavioral development. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Sep;52(3):425-40. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181b52df1.
Mendelson T, Leis JA, Perry DF, Stuart EA, Tandon SD Impact of a preventive intervention for perinatal depression on mood regulation, social support, and coping. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2013 Jun;16(3):211-8. doi: 10.1007/s00737-013-0332-4. Epub 2013 Mar 2.
O'Connor TG, Heron J, Golding J, Glover V; ALSPAC Study Team Maternal antenatal anxiety and behavioural/emotional problems in children: a test of a programming hypothesis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;44(7):1025-36. doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00187.
Tandon SD, Leis JA, Mendelson T, Perry DF, Kemp K Six-month outcomes from a randomized controlled trial to prevent perinatal depression in low-income home visiting clients. Matern Child Health J. 2014 May;18(4):873-81. doi: 10.1007/s10995-013-1313-y.
Tandon SD, Perry DF, Mendelson T, Kemp K, Leis JA Preventing perinatal depression in low-income home visiting clients: a randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2011 Oct;79(5):707-12. doi: 10.1037/a0024895.
Promoting Healthy Brain Development Via Prenatal Stress Reduction: An Innovative Precision Medicine Approach
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
