Pregnancy — Effect of Assisted Hatching on Vitrified Embryo Transfer Clinical Outcome
Citation(s)
Carney SK, Das S, Blake D, Farquhar C, Seif MM, Nelson L Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Dec 12;12:CD001894. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001894.pub5. Review.
Fang C, Li T, Miao BY, Zhuang GL, Zhou C Mechanically expanding the zona pellucida of human frozen thawed embryos: a new method of assisted hatching. Fertil Steril. 2010 Sep;94(4):1302-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.08.014. Epub 2009 Sep 26.
Martins WP, Rocha IA, Ferriani RA, Nastri CO Assisted hatching of human embryos: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hum Reprod Update. 2011 Jul-Aug;17(4):438-53. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmr012. Epub 2011 Apr 7. Review. Erratum in: Hum Reprod Update. 2012 Sep-Oct;18(5):600.
Ng EH, Naveed F, Lau EY, Yeung WS, Chan CC, Tang OS, Ho PC A randomized double-blind controlled study of the efficacy of laser-assisted hatching on implantation and pregnancy rates of frozen-thawed embryo transfer at the cleavage stage. Hum Reprod. 2005 Apr;20(4):979-85. Epub 2005 Jan 21.
Sagoskin AW, Levy MJ, Tucker MJ, Richter KS, Widra EA Laser assisted hatching in good prognosis patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: a randomized controlled trial. Fertil Steril. 2007 Feb;87(2):283-7. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
Valojerdi MR, Eftekhari-Yazdi P, Karimian L, Ashtiani SK Effect of laser zona pellucida opening on clinical outcome of assisted reproduction technology in patients with advanced female age, recurrent implantation failure, or frozen-thawed embryos. Fertil Steril. 2008 Jul;90(1):84-91. Epub 2007 Sep 24.
Valojerdi MR, Eftekhari-Yazdi P, Karimian L, Hassani F, Movaghar B Effect of laser zona thinning on vitrified-warmed embryo transfer at the cleavage stage: a prospective, randomized study. Reprod Biomed Online. 2010 Feb;20(2):234-42. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.11.002. Epub 2009 Nov 18.
Wan CY, Song C, Diao LH, Li GG, Bao ZJ, Hu XD, Zhang HZ, Zeng Y Laser-assisted hatching improves clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed blastocysts developed from low-grade cleavage-stage embryos: a prospective randomized study. Reprod Biomed Online. 2014 May;28(5):582-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
Effect of Assisted Hatching on Vitrified Embryo Transfer Clinical Outcome
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
