Pregnancy — Safety Study of Membrane Sweeping in Pregnancy
Citation(s)
1 Bulware et al. Membrane sweeping for induction of labor. The Cochrane Database for induction of labor 2005, 2 (no page number) 2. Magann et al. Can we decrease postadtism in women with an unfavorable cervix and a negative fetal fibronectin test result at term by serial membrane sweeping? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998, 179(4): 890-894 3. CammuH, Haitsma V. Sweeping membranes at 39 weeks in nulliparous women: a randomized controlled trial. Brit J Obstet Gynecol 1998: 105(1): 41-4 4. Boulvain et al. Does sweeping of the membranes reduce the need for formal induction of labour? A randomized controlled trial. Brit J Obstet Gynecol. 1998, 105(1): 34040 5. Allott HA, Palmer CR. Sweeping the membranes: a valid procedure in stimulating the onset of labour? Brit J Obstet Gynecol 1993, 100(10): 889-90 6. Wong et al. Does sweeping of membranes beyond 40 weeks reduce the need for formal incution of labour? Brit J Obstet Gynecol 2002, 109(6): 632-6 7. Sweeping of the membranes is an effective method of induction of labor in prolonged pregnancy: a report of a randomized trial. Brit J Obstet Gynecol 1992, 100(10): 898-903 8. McColgin et al. Partuitional factors associated with membrane stripping. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993, 169(1): 71-77 9. Keirse et al. Chronic stimulation of uterine prostaglandin synthesis during cervical ripening before the onset of labor. Prostaglandins, 1983, 25(5): 671-82 10. Goldenberg et al. Stretching of the cervix and stripping of the membranes at term: a randomized controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol 1996, 66(2): 129-32 11. Tannirandorn Y, Jumrustanasan T. A comparative study of membrane stripping and nonstripping for induction of labor in term pregnancy. J Med Assoc of Thailand 1999, 82(3): 229-32 12. Williams Obstetrics. McGraww-Hill Companies. New York, NY. 2000, 440-1. 13. Maternal-Fetal Medicine. WB Saunders. Philedelphia, PA. 1999. 644-5. 14. Induction of Labor. Compendium of Selected Publications. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Nunmber 10, Nov 1999, 437-482. Merck, Washington, DC 2005. 15. De Grace et al. Induction of labour with a favourable cervix and/or pre-labour rupture of membranes. Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2003 Oct;17(5):795-809. 16. Misoprostol versus expectant management in premature rupture of membranes at term. Brit Jour Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Sep;112(9):1284-90. 17. Permature Rupture of Membranes. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Number 1, June 1998, pgs 697-705. 18. Sahraoui W. et al. Management of pregnancies beyond forty-one week's gestation with an unfavorable cervix. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2005 Sep;34(5):454-62.
Does Routine Membrane Sweeping in Uncomplicated Term Pregnancies Increase the Rate of Prelabour Rupture of Membranes
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
