Pregnancy Related — Haemodynamic Effects of Oxytocin and Carbetocin
Citation(s)
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Chong YS, Su LL, Arulkumaran S Current strategies for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Apr;16(2):143-50. Review.
Hunter DJ, Schulz P, Wassenaar W Effect of carbetocin, a long-acting oxytocin analog on the postpartum uterus. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992 Jul;52(1):60-7.
Thomas JS, Koh SH, Cooper GM Haemodynamic effects of oxytocin given as i.v. bolus or infusion on women undergoing Caesarean section. Br J Anaesth. 2007 Jan;98(1):116-9. Epub 2006 Dec 2.
Westhoff G, Cotter AM, Tolosa JE Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 30;10:CD001808. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001808.pub2. Review.
Haemodynamic Assessment at Primary Caesarean Section After Administration of Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin: a Doubleblind Randomized Trail
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
