Postpartum Disorder — Effects of Assisted Sit-up Exercise vs Swiss Ball Pikes on Postpartum Low Back Pain.
Citation(s)
Bae CR, Jin Y, Yoon BC, Kim NH, Park KW, Lee SH Effects of assisted sit-up exercise compared to core stabilization exercise on patients with non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2018;31(5):871-880. doi: 10.3233/BMR-170997.
Cheng HY, Carol S, Wu B, Cheng YF Effect of acupressure on postpartum low back pain, salivary cortisol, physical limitations, and depression: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Tradit Chin Med. 2020 Feb;40(1):128-136.
Ehsani F, Sahebi N, Shanbehzadeh S, Arab AM, ShahAli S Stabilization exercise affects function of transverse abdominis and pelvic floor muscles in women with postpartum lumbo-pelvic pain: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial study. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Jan;31(1):197-204. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03877-1. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
Hu X, Ma M, Zhao X, Sun W, Liu Y, Zheng Z, Xu L Effects of exercise therapy for pregnancy-related low back pain and pelvic pain: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jan;99(3):e17318. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017318.
Li YP, Cui X, Liu SC, Zhang SH, Zhao YH Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for treating postpartum low back pain. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jul;97(28):e11426. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011426.
Rathore Vs effect of swiss ball training on breath holding capacity of male physical education students.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
