Post Operative Pain — Intra-abdominal Pressure and Insufflator Effects in Robotic Surgery
Citation(s)
Feng TS, Heulitt G, Islam A, Porter JR Comparison of valve-less and standard insufflation on pneumoperitoneum-related complications in robotic partial nephrectomy: a prospective randomized trial. J Robot Surg. 2021 Jun;15(3):381-388. doi: 10.1007/s11701-020-01117-z. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Horstmann M, Horton K, Kurz M, Padevit C, John H Prospective comparison between the AirSeal(R) System valve-less Trocar and a standard Versaport Plus V2 Trocar in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. J Endourol. 2013 May;27(5):579-82. doi: 10.1089/end.2012.0632. Epub 2013 Feb 5.
Paull JO, Parsacandola SA, Graham A, Hota S, Pudalov N, Obias V The impact of the AirSeal(R) valve-less trocar system in robotic colorectal surgery: a single-surgeon retrospective review. J Robot Surg. 2021 Feb;15(1):87-92. doi: 10.1007/s11701-020-01071-w. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
Comparison of the Perioperative Effects of Intra-abdominal Pressure Created With Standard and Valveless Insufflators in Robotic Surgery
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
