Polypharmacy — Deprescription of Gabapentinoids in Medical Inpatients
Citation(s)
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Gingras MA, Lieu A, Papillon-Ferland L, Lee TC, McDonald EG Retrospective Cohort Study of the Prevalence of Off-label Gabapentinoid Prescriptions in Hospitalized Medical Patients. J Hosp Med. 2019 Sep;14(9):547-550. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3203.
Johansen ME Gabapentinoid Use in the United States 2002 Through 2015. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Feb 1;178(2):292-294. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.7856.
Martin P, Tannenbaum C A realist evaluation of patients' decisions to deprescribe in the EMPOWER trial. BMJ Open. 2017 May 4;7(4):e015959. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015959.
Martin P, Tannenbaum C Use of the EMPOWER brochure to deprescribe sedative-hypnotic drugs in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatr. 2017 Jan 31;17(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0432-5.
Tannenbaum C, Martin P, Tamblyn R, Benedetti A, Ahmed S Reduction of inappropriate benzodiazepine prescriptions among older adults through direct patient education: the EMPOWER cluster randomized trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Jun;174(6):890-8. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.949.
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GABA-WHY Study: Deprescription of Gabapentinoids in Medical Inpatients
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
