Physical Activity — Turkish Version of The Life-Space Assessment Scale
Citation(s)
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Ayvat E, Kilinç M, Kirdi N The Turkish version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): its cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability. Turk J Med Sci. 2017 Jun 12;47(3):908-915. doi: 10.3906/sag-1605-7.
Guillemin F, Bombardier C, Beaton D Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: literature review and proposed guidelines. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 Dec;46(12):1417-32. Review.
Hou WH, Yeh TS, Liang HW Reliability and validity of the Taiwan Chinese version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale. J Formos Med Assoc. 2014 May;113(5):313-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.07.032. Epub 2012 Sep 15.
Stewart CM, Wheeler TL 2nd, Markland AD, Straughn JM Jr, Richter HE Life-space assessment in urogynecology and gynecological oncology surgery patients: a measure of perioperative mobility and function. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Dec;57(12):2263-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02557.x. Epub 2009 Oct 26.
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Yeung TS, Wessel J, Stratford P, Macdermid J Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the lower extremity functional scale for inpatients of an orthopaedic rehabilitation ward. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Jun;39(6):468-77. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2009.2971.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of The Life-Space Assessment Scale
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
