Photoaging — RFMN in Combination With 1927 nm Thulium Laser for Treating Photoaged Skin
Citation(s)
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Lu K, Cai S Efficacy and safety comparison between 1927 nm thulium laser and 2940 nm Er:YAG laser in the treatment of facial atrophic acne scarring: a prospective, simultaneous spilt-face clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2022 Apr;37(3):2025-2031. doi: 10.1007/s10103-021-03465-0. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
Nguyen L, Blessmann M, Schneider SW, Herberger K Radiofrequency Microneedling for Skin Tightening of the Lower Face, Jawline, and Neck Region. Dermatol Surg. 2022 Dec 1;48(12):1299-1305. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003607. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
Serra M, Bohnert K, Sadick N A randomized, single-blind, study evaluating a 755-nm picosecond pulsed Alexandrite laser vs. a non-ablative 1927-nm fractionated thulium laser for the treatment of facial photopigmentation and aging. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018 Oct;20(6):335-340. doi: 10.1080/14764172.2018.1493513. Epub 2018 Jul 18.
Wang JV, Christman MP, Feng H, Ferzli G, Jeon H, Geronemus RG Laser-assisted delivery of tranexamic acid for melasma: Pilot study using a novel 1927 nm fractional thulium fiber laser. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Jan;20(1):105-109. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13817. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
