Periodontitis — Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of Probiotics in Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy.
Citation(s)
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Iwasaki K, Maeda K, Hidaka K, Nemoto K, Hirose Y, Deguchi S Daily Intake of Heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 Decreases the Probing Depth in Patients Undergoing Supportive Periodontal Therapy. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2016;14(3):207-14. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a36099.
Lee Y, Yoon Y, Choi KH Probiotics-Mediated Bioconversion and Periodontitis. Food Sci Anim Resour. 2021 Nov;41(6):905-922. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2021.e57. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
Nguyen T, Brody H, Radaic A, Kapila Y Probiotics for periodontal health-Current molecular findings. Periodontol 2000. 2021 Oct;87(1):254-267. doi: 10.1111/prd.12382.
Pudgar P, Povsic K, Cuk K, Seme K, Petelin M, Gaspersic R Probiotic strains of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy: 3-month results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2021 Mar;25(3):1411-1422. doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03449-4. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
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Sulijaya B, Takahashi N, Yamazaki K Lactobacillus-Derived Bioactive Metabolites for the Regulation of Periodontal Health: Evidences to Clinical Setting. Molecules. 2020 Apr 29;25(9):2088. doi: 10.3390/molecules25092088.
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Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of Probiotics in Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
