Periodontal Disease — The Importance of Periostin in Periodontal Health and Disease
Citation(s)
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Jee SW, Wang S, Kapila YL Specific pro-apoptotic fibronectin fragments modulate proteinase expression in periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol. 2004 Apr;75(4):523-30.
Kiili M, Cox SW, Chen HY, Wahlgren J, Maisi P, Eley BM, Salo T, Sorsa T Collagenase-2 (MMP-8) and collagenase-3 (MMP-13) in adult periodontitis: molecular forms and levels in gingival crevicular fluid and immunolocalisation in gingival tissue. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Mar;29(3):224-32. Erratum in: J Clin Periodontol. 2004 Feb;31(2):149. Chen, HW [corrected to Chen, HY].
Wilde J, Yokozeki M, Terai K, Kudo A, Moriyama K The divergent expression of periostin mRNA in the periodontal ligament during experimental tooth movement. Cell Tissue Res. 2003 Jun;312(3):345-51. Epub 2003 May 22.
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The Importance of Periostin in Periodontal Health and Disease
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
