Patient Safety — Family Input for Quality and Safety
Citation(s)
Bardach NS, Asteria-Peñaloza R, Boscardin WJ, Dudley RA The relationship between commercial website ratings and traditional hospital performance measures in the USA. BMJ Qual Saf. 2013 Mar;22(3):194-202. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001360. Epub 2012 Nov 23.
Blumenthal D, McGinnis JM Measuring Vital Signs: an IOM report on core metrics for health and health care progress. JAMA. 2015 May 19;313(19):1901-2. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.4862.
Chassin MR Improving the quality of health care: what's taking so long? Health Aff (Millwood). 2013 Oct;32(10):1761-5. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0809.
Clancy CM Patient Safety: One Decade after To Err Is Human. 2009; http://www.psqh.com/septemberoctober-2009/234-september-october-2009-ahrq.html. Accessed October 29, 2013.
Conway PH, Mostashari F, Clancy C The future of quality measurement for improvement and accountability. JAMA. 2013 Jun 5;309(21):2215-6. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.4929.
Greaves F, Pape UJ, King D, Darzi A, Majeed A, Wachter RM, Millett C Associations between Internet-based patient ratings and conventional surveys of patient experience in the English NHS: an observational study. BMJ Qual Saf. 2012 Jul;21(7):600-5. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2012-000906. Epub 2012 Apr 20.
Han E, Hudson Scholle S, Morton S, Bechtel C, Kessler R Survey shows that fewer than a third of patient-centered medical home practices engage patients in quality improvement. Health Aff (Millwood). 2013 Feb;32(2):368-75. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1183.
James JT A new, evidence-based estimate of patient harms associated with hospital care. J Patient Saf. 2013 Sep;9(3):122-8. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0b013e3182948a69. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
