Parkinson's Disease — Mucuna Pruriens Therapy in Parkinson's Disease
Citation(s)
Bega D, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Zadikoff C, Simuni T A review of the clinical evidence for complementary and alternative therapies in Parkinson's disease. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2014 Oct;16(10):314. doi: 10.1007/s11940-014-0314-5.
Contin M, Lopane G, Passini A, Poli F, Iannello C, Guarino M Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson Disease: A Kinetic-Dynamic Comparison With Levodopa Standard Formulations. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2015 Sep-Oct;38(5):201-3. doi: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000098.
Lieu CA, Kunselman AR, Manyam BV, Venkiteswaran K, Subramanian T A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risk for dyskinesias. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010 Aug;16(7):458-65. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.04.015. Epub 2010 May 31.
Manyam BV Paralysis agitans and levodopa in "Ayurveda": ancient Indian medical treatise. Mov Disord. 1990;5(1):47-8.
Ovallath S, Deepa P The history of parkinsonism: descriptions in ancient Indian medical literature. Mov Disord. 2013 May;28(5):566-8. doi: 10.1002/mds.25420. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
