Pain — Structured Education and Multidisciplinary Team
Citation(s)
Allvin R, Ehnfors M, Rawal N, Idvall E Experiences of the postoperative recovery process: an interview study. Open Nurs J. 2008;2:1-7. doi: 10.2174/1874434600802010001. Epub 2008 Jan 4.
Lee CH, Liu JT, Lin SC, Hsu TY, Lin CY, Lin LY Effects of Educational Intervention on State Anxiety and Pain in People Undergoing Spinal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2018 Apr;19(2):163-171. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
Wongkietkachorn A, Wongkietkachorn N, Rhunsiri P Preoperative Needs-Based Education to Reduce Anxiety, Increase Satisfaction, and Decrease Time Spent in Day Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. World J Surg. 2018 Mar;42(3):666-674. doi: 10.1007/s00268-017-4207-0.
Zeleníková R, Homzová P, Homza M, Bužgová R Validity and Reliability of the Czech Version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). J Perianesth Nurs. 2017 Oct;32(5):429-437. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
Zieren J, Menenakos C, Mueller JM Does an informative video before inguinal hernia surgical repair influence postoperative quality of life? Results of a prospective randomized study. Qual Life Res. 2007 Jun;16(5):725-9. Epub 2007 Feb 8.
The Impact of Structured Education Given by a Multidisciplinary Team on Pain, Anxiety, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
