Pain — Literacy-Adapted Psychosocial Treatments for Chronic Pain --- "Learning About Mastering/My Pain"
Citation(s)
Campbell LC Addressing literacy as a barrier in delivery and evaluation of cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain management. Pain. 2011 Dec;152(12):2679-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.09.004. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
Day MA, Thorn BE, Kapoor S A qualitative analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing a cognitive-behavioral treatment with education. J Pain. 2011 Sep;12(9):941-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.02.354. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Day MA, Thorn BE The relationship of demographic and psychosocial variables to pain-related outcomes in a rural chronic pain population. Pain. 2010 Nov;151(2):467-74. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.08.015.
Kuhajda MC, Thorn BE, Gaskins SW, Day MA, Cabbil CM Literacy and cultural adaptations for cognitive behavioral therapy in a rural pain population. Transl Behav Med. 2011 Jun;1(2):216-23. doi: 10.1007/s13142-011-0026-2.
Thorn BE, Burns JW Common and specific treatment mechanisms in psychosocial pain interventions: the need for a new research agenda. Pain. 2011 Apr;152(4):705-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.12.017. Epub 2011 Jan 11.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
