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Citation(s)

  •   Banerjee A, Das B, Mukherjee D, Khanra M
    A study of the effect of caudal epidural block on bispectral index targeted propofol requirement in children: A comparative study. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2015 Apr-Jun;20(2):77-81. doi: 10.4103/0971-9261.1515
  •   Ben-David B, Vaida S, Gaitini L
    The influence of high spinal anesthesia on sensitivity to midazolam sedation. Anesth Analg. 1995 Sep;81(3):525-8.
  •   Hicks CL, von Baeyer CL, Spafford PA, van Korlaar I, Goodenough B
    The Faces Pain Scale-Revised: toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Pain. 2001 Aug;93(2):173-183. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00314-1.
  •   Joo J, Kim J, Lee J
    The prevalence of anatomical variations that can cause inadvertent dural puncture when performing caudal block in Koreans: a study using magnetic resonance imaging. Anaesthesia. 2010 Jan;65(1):23-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06168
  •   Kao SC, Lin CS
    Caudal Epidural Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9217145. doi: 10.1155/2017/9217145. Epub 2017 Feb 26. Review.
  •   Kim YH, Park HJ, Cho S, Moon DE
    Assessment of factors affecting the difficulty of caudal epidural injections in adults using ultrasound. Pain Res Manag. 2014 Sep-Oct;19(5):275-9. Epub 2014 Aug 11.
  •   Manchikanti L, Cash KA, Pampati V, McManus CD, Damron KS
    Evaluation of fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injections. Pain Physician. 2004 Jan;7(1):81-92.
  •   Nikooseresht M, Hashemi M, Mohajerani SA, Shahandeh F, Agah M
    Ultrasound as a screening tool for performing caudal epidural injections. Iran J Radiol. 2014 May;11(2):e13262. doi: 10.5812/iranjradiol.13262. Epub 2014 May 15.
  •   Ozen V, Yigit D
    A comparison of the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of low dose caudal epidural block and US-guided dorsal penile nerve block with in-plane technique in circumcision. J Pediatr Urol. 2020 Feb;16(1):99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019
  •   Senoglu N, Senoglu M, Oksuz H, Gumusalan Y, Yuksel KZ, Zencirci B, Ezberci M, Kizilkanat E
    Landmarks of the sacral hiatus for caudal epidural block: an anatomical study. Br J Anaesth. 2005 Nov;95(5):692-5. Epub 2005 Sep 9.
  •   Shamim F, Ullah H, Khan FA
    Postoperative pain assessment using four behavioral scales in Pakistani children undergoing elective surgery. Saudi J Anaesth. 2015 Apr-Jun;9(2):174-8. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.152874.
  •   Shin SK, Hong JY, Kim WO, Koo BN, Kim JE, Kil HK
    Ultrasound evaluation of the sacral area and comparison of sacral interspinous and hiatal approach for caudal block in children. Anesthesiology. 2009 Nov;111(5):1135-40. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181bc6dd4.
  •   Suresh S, Long J, Birmingham PK, De Oliveira GS Jr
    Are caudal blocks for pain control safe in children? an analysis of 18,650 caudal blocks from the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network (PRAN) database. Anesth Analg. 2015 Jan;120(1):151-156. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000446.

The Effect of Caudal Anesthesia Block on Perioperative Pain Control and Reduction of the Anesthetic Agent in Pediatric Infra-umbilical Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Trial Study

Details for clinical trial NCT05581940