NCT04788056 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Edwards RR, Cahalan C, Mensing G, Smith M, Haythornthwaite JA
Pain, catastrophizing, and depression in the rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2011 Apr;7(4):216-24. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2011.2. Epub 2011 Feb 1. Review. Erratum in: Nat Rev Rheumatol.. Correction on page following 224.. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2011 Jun;7(6):314. Calahan, Christine [corrected to Cahalan, Christine].
Huang AP, Sakata RK
Pain after sternotomy - review. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2016 Jul-Aug;66(4):395-401. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2014.09.013. Epub 2016 Apr 23. Review.
Lahtinen P, Kokki H, Hynynen M
Pain after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study of 1-year incidence and intensity. Anesthesiology. 2006 Oct;105(4):794-800.
Taillefer MC, Carrier M, Bélisle S, Levesque S, Lanctôt H, Boisvert AM, Choinière M
Prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of chronic nonanginal postoperative pain after a cardiac operation: a cross-sectional study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006 Jun;131(6):1274-80.

Parasternal Subpectoral Plane Blocks for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Involving Median Sternotomy - a Study of Opioid and Pain Reduction

Clinical trial NCT04788056 - References