Pain, Postoperative — Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control in Adults
Citation(s)
Ashbach MN, Ostrower ST, Parikh SR Tonsillectomy techniques and pain: a review of randomized controlled trials and call for standardization. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2007;69(6):364-70. doi: 10.1159/000108369. Epub 2007 Nov 23.
Diakos EA, Gallos ID, El-Shunnar S, Clarke M, Kazi R, Mehanna H Dexamethasone reduces pain, vomiting and overall complications following tonsillectomy in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Otolaryngol. 2011 Dec;36(6):531-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2011.02373.x.
Hiller A, Silvanto M, Savolainen S, Tarkkila P Propacetamol and diclofenac alone and in combination for analgesia after elective tonsillectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2004 Oct;48(9):1185-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2004.00473.x.
Lee SW, Jeon SS, Lee JD, Lee JY, Kim SC, Koh YW A comparison of postoperative pain and complications in tonsillectomy using BiClamp forceps and electrocautery tonsillectomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Aug;139(2):228-34. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.04.004.
Noordzij JP, Affleck BD Coblation versus unipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study in adult patients. Laryngoscope. 2006 Aug;116(8):1303-9. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000225944.00189.e9.
Parsons SP, Cordes SR, Comer B Comparison of posttonsillectomy pain using the ultrasonic scalpel, coblator, and electrocautery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Jan;134(1):106-13. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.09.027.
Salonen A, Kokki H, Nuutinen J Recovery after tonsillectomy in adults: a three-week follow-up study. Laryngoscope. 2002 Jan;112(1):94-8. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200201000-00017.
Thorneman G, Akervall J Pain treatment after tonsillectomy: advantages of analgesics regularly given compared with analgesics on demand. Acta Otolaryngol. 2000 Oct;120(8):986-9. doi: 10.1080/00016480050218744.
Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control in Adults: a Randomized Prospective Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
