Baloul SS, Gerstenfeld LC, Morgan EF, Carvalho RS, Van Dyke TE, Kantarci A Mechanism of action and morphologic changes in the alveolar bone in response to selective alveolar decortication-facilitated tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Apr;139(4 Suppl):S83-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.09.026.
Bogoch E, Gschwend N, Rahn B, Moran E, Perren S Healing of cancellous bone osteotomy in rabbits--Part I: Regulation of bone volume and the regional acceleratory phenomenon in normal bone. J Orthop Res. 1993 Mar;11(2):285-91.
Buschang PH, Campbell PM, Ruso S Accelerating tooth movement with corticotomies: is it possible and desirable? Semin Orthod 2012;18:286-294.
Chung KR, Kim SH, Lee BS Speedy surgical-orthodontic treatment with temporary anchorage devices as an alternative to orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Jun;135(6):787-98. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.03.036.
Cohen G, Campbell PM, Rossouw PE, Buschang PH Effects of increased surgical trauma on rates of tooth movement and apical root resorption in foxhound dogs. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2010 Aug;13(3):179-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2010.01494.x.
Gantes B, Rathbun E, Anholm M Effects on the periodontium following corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics. Case reports. J Periodontol. 1990 Apr;61(4):234-8.
Kim SJ, Park YG, Kang SG Effects of Corticision on paradental remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. Angle Orthod. 2009 Mar;79(2):284-91. doi: 10.2319/020308-60.1.
KOLE H Surgical operations on the alveolar ridge to correct occlusal abnormalities. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1959 May;12(5):515-29 concl.
Lee WC Experimental study of the effect of prostaglandin administration on tooth movement--with particular emphasis on the relationship to the method of PGE1 administration. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990 Sep;98(3):231-41.
Liou EJ, Huang CS Rapid canine retraction through distraction of the periodontal ligament. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998 Oct;114(4):372-82.
Long H, Pyakurel U, Wang Y, Liao L, Zhou Y, Lai W Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2013 Jan;83(1):164-71. doi: 10.2319/031512-224.1. Epub 2012 Jun 21. Review.
Mostafa YA, Mohamed Salah Fayed M, Mehanni S, ElBokle NN, Heider AM Comparison of corticotomy-facilitated vs standard tooth-movement techniques in dogs with miniscrews as anchor units. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Oct;136(4):570-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.10.052.
Ngan P, Kess B, Wilson S Perception of discomfort by patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989 Jul;96(1):47-53.
Ren A, Lv T, Kang N, Zhao B, Chen Y, Bai D Rapid orthodontic tooth movement aided by alveolar surgery in beagles. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Feb;131(2):160.e1-10.
Scheurer PA, Firestone AR, Bürgin WB Perception of pain as a result of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Eur J Orthod. 1996 Aug;18(4):349-57.
Vercellotti T, Podesta A Orthodontic microsurgery: a new surgically guided technique for dental movement. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2007 Aug;27(4):325-31.
Verna C, Dalstra M, Melsen B The rate and the type of orthodontic tooth movement is influenced by bone turnover in a rat model. Eur J Orthod. 2000 Aug;22(4):343-52.
Wang L, Lee W, Lei DL, Liu YP, Yamashita DD, Yen SL Tisssue responses in corticotomy- and osteotomy-assisted tooth movements in rats: histology and immunostaining. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Dec;136(6):770.e1-11; discussion 770-1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.05.015.
Wilcko WM, Wilcko T, Bouquot JE, Ferguson DJ Rapid orthodontics with alveolar reshaping: two case reports of decrowding. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2001 Feb;21(1):9-19.
Yamasaki K, Shibata Y, Fukuhara T The effect of prostaglandins on experimental tooth movement in monkeys (Macaca fuscata). J Dent Res. 1982 Dec;61(12):1444-6.
Efficiency of Piezotome-Corticision Assisted Orthodontics in Alleviating Mandibular Anterior Crowding - A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
