Overweight and Obesity — Intervention in Children With Malnutrition
Citation(s)
Ashwell M, Hsieh SD Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2005 Aug;56(5):303-7.
Duggan MB Prevention of childhood malnutrition: immensity of the challenge and variety of strategies. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2014 Nov;34(4):271-8. doi: 10.1179/2046905514Y.0000000139. Epub 2014 Aug 27. Review.
Imuta K, Scarf D, Pharo H, Hayne H Drawing a close to the use of human figure drawings as a projective measure of intelligence. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58991. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058991. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Feb 11;16(3):1215.
Popkin BM, Corvalan C, Grummer-Strawn LM Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality. Lancet. 2020 Jan 4;395(10217):65-74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32497-3. Epub 2019 Dec 15. Review.
Stewart A, Marfell-Jones M, Olds T, Ridder H International standards for anthropometric assessment. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry - ISAK, 2011.
Tam E, Keats EC, Rind F, Das JK, Bhutta AZA Micronutrient Supplementation and Fortification Interventions on Health and Development Outcomes among Children Under-Five in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2020 Jan 21;12(2). pii: E289. doi: 10.3390/nu12020289.
World Health Organization Child Growth Standards: Length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: Methods and development. [Website]. 2006. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/en/
Evaluation of Nutritional Status in Chimalhuacán Children: Anthropometric, Biochemical, and Molecular Approaches
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
