Temporomandibular Joint Disorders — Computed Guided Prolotherapy Versus Conventional Prolotherapy
Citation(s)
Custodio ALN, Cameron A, Bakr M, Little C, Chrcanovic BR, Reher P Positioning accuracy assessment of minimally invasive percutaneous injection techniques for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Feb 1;50(2):20200313. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20200313. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
Hyder A, Tawfik BE, Elmohandes W Efficacy of computer-guided versus conventional sodium hyaluronate injection in superior joint space in treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement: Comparative randomized controlled trial. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Oct;123(5):e321-e326. doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.007. Epub 2022 May 8.
Laskin DM Arthroscopy Versus Arthrocentesis for Treating Internal Derangements of the Temporomandibular Joint. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;30(3):325-328. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2018.04.008. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Mahmoud K, Galal N, Ali S, Gibaly A, Elbehairy MS, Mounir M Computer-Guided Arthrocentesis Using Patient-Specific Guides: A Novel Protocol for Treatment of Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Mar;78(3):372.e1-372.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.10.005. Epub 2019 Oct 15.
Sivri MB, Ozkan Y, Pekiner FN, Gocmen G Comparison of ultrasound-guided and conventional arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Jul;54(6):677-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.04.004. Epub 2016 Apr 23.
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Computed Guided Prolotherapy Versus Conventional Prolotherapy in Treatment of TMJ Internal Derangment
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
