Non-Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung, TNM Stage 4 — Clinical and Molecular Study With Digital Support of Patients With Inoperable Lung Cancer
Citation(s)
Dehghani M, Rosenblatt KP, Li L, Rakhade M, Amato RJ Validation and Clinical Applications of a Comprehensive Next Generation Sequencing System for Molecular Characterization of Solid Cancer Tissues. Front Mol Biosci. 2019 Sep 25;6:82. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00082. eCollection 2019.
Duma N, Santana-Davila R, Molina JR Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Epidemiology, Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 Aug;94(8):1623-1640. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.013. Review.
Friedlaender A, Bauml J, Banna GL, Addeo A Identifying successful biomarkers for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Manag. 2019 Nov 14;8(3):LMT17. doi: 10.2217/lmt-2019-0009.
Osei, E , Lumini, J., Gunasekara, D., Osei, B., Asare, A., & Laflamme, R. (2020). A review of predictive, prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer: Towards personalised and targeted cancer therapy. Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice, 19(4), 370-384. doi:10.1017/S1460396919000876
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.