Pediatric Preoperative Anxiety, Pediatric Coping — Preparing Children for Anesthesia With an Educational Pop-Up Book
Citation(s)
Chieng YJ, Chan WC, Klainin-Yobas P, He HG Perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children and adolescents undergoing elective surgical procedures: a quantitative systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2014 Feb;70(2):243-55. doi: 10.1111/jan.12205. Epub 2013 Jul 19. Review.
Chorney JM, Kain ZN Behavioral analysis of children's response to induction of anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2009 Nov;109(5):1434-40. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b412cf. Epub 2009 Aug 27.
Chow CH, Van Lieshout RJ, Schmidt LA, Dobson KG, Buckley N Systematic Review: Audiovisual Interventions for Reducing Preoperative Anxiety in Children Undergoing Elective Surgery. J Pediatr Psychol. 2016 Mar;41(2):182-203. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv094. Epub 2015 Oct 17. Review.
Claar RL, Walker LS, Smith CA The influence of appraisals in understanding children's experiences with medical procedures. J Pediatr Psychol. 2002 Oct-Nov;27(7):553-63.
Dalley JS, McMurtry CM Teddy and I Get a Check-Up: A Pilot Educational Intervention Teaching Children Coping Strategies for Managing Procedure-Related Pain and Fear. Pain Res Manag. 2016;2016:4383967. doi: 10.1155/2016/4383967. Epub 2016 Apr 7.
Hatava P, Olsson GL, Lagerkranser M Preoperative psychological preparation for children undergoing ENT operations: a comparison of two methods. Paediatr Anaesth. 2000;10(5):477-86.
Heckmann M, Beauchesne MA Pediatric perioperative education current practices: a national survey of children's hospitals in the United States. J Perioper Pract. 2013 May;23(5):100-6.
Liguori S, Stacchini M, Ciofi D, Olivini N, Bisogni S, Festini F Effectiveness of an App for Reducing Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Aug 1;170(8):e160533. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0533. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Ryu JH, Park SJ, Park JW, Kim JW, Yoo HJ, Kim TW, Hong JS, Han SH Randomized clinical trial of immersive virtual reality tour of the operating theatre in children before anaesthesia. Br J Surg. 2017 Nov;104(12):1628-1633. doi: 10.1002/bjs.10684. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
Tunney AM, Boore J The effectiveness of a storybook in lessening anxiety in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in Northern Ireland. Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 2013 Dec;36(4):319-35. doi: 10.3109/01460862.2013.834398. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
West N, Christopher N, Stratton K, Görges M, Brown Z Reducing preoperative anxiety with Child Life preparation prior to intravenous induction of anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial. Paediatr Anaesth. 2020 Feb;30(2):168-180. doi: 10.1111/pan.13802. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
Efficacy of an Educational Pop-Up Book in Preparing Children for Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
