NCT04306913 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Kuhn-Régnier F, Natour E, Dhein S, Dapunt O, Geissler HJ, LaRosé K, Görg C, Mehlhorn U
Beta-blockade versus Buckberg blood-cardioplegia in coronary bypass operation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1999 Jan;15(1):67-74.
Murtuza B, Pepper JR, Stanbridge RD, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Does minimal-access aortic valve replacement reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation? Tex Heart Inst J. 2008;35(4):428-38. Review.
Scorsin M, Mebazaa A, Al Attar N, Medini B, Callebert J, Raffoul R, Ramadan R, Maillet JM, Ruffenach A, Simoneau F, Nataf P, Payen D, Lessana A
Efficacy of esmolol as a myocardial protective agent during continuous retrograde blood cardioplegia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 May;125(5):1022-9.

Outcome of Esmolol Potassium Cardioplegia Compared to Potassium Cardioplegia in Patients With Solitary Valvular Disease; Randomized Controlled Study

Clinical trial NCT04306913 - References